gallery-dl/gallery_dl/extractor/pixiv.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Copyright 2014-2023 Mike Fährmann
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
# published by the Free Software Foundation.

"""Extractors for https://www.pixiv.net/"""

from .common import Extractor, Message
from .. import text, util, exception
from ..cache import cache, memcache
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import itertools
import hashlib


class PixivExtractor(Extractor):
    """Base class for pixiv extractors"""
    category = "pixiv"
    root = "https://www.pixiv.net"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "{user[id]} {user[account]}")
    filename_fmt = "{id}_p{num}.{extension}"
    archive_fmt = "{id}{suffix}.{extension}"
    cookiedomain = None

    def __init__(self, match):
        Extractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.api = PixivAppAPI(self)
        self.load_ugoira = self.config("ugoira", True)
        self.max_posts = self.config("max-posts", 0)

    def items(self):
        tags = self.config("tags", "japanese")
        if tags == "original":
            transform_tags = None
        elif tags == "translated":
            def transform_tags(work):
                work["tags"] = list(dict.fromkeys(
                    tag["translated_name"] or tag["name"]
                    for tag in work["tags"]))
        else:
            def transform_tags(work):
                work["tags"] = [tag["name"] for tag in work["tags"]]

        ratings = {0: "General", 1: "R-18", 2: "R-18G"}
        meta_user = self.config("metadata")
        meta_bookmark = self.config("metadata-bookmark")
        metadata = self.metadata()

        works = self.works()
        if self.max_posts:
            works = itertools.islice(works, self.max_posts)
        for work in works:
            if not work["user"]["id"]:
                continue

            meta_single_page = work["meta_single_page"]
            meta_pages = work["meta_pages"]
            del work["meta_single_page"]
            del work["image_urls"]
            del work["meta_pages"]

            if meta_user:
                work.update(self.api.user_detail(work["user"]["id"]))
            if meta_bookmark and work["is_bookmarked"]:
                detail = self.api.illust_bookmark_detail(work["id"])
                work["tags_bookmark"] = [tag["name"] for tag in detail["tags"]
                                         if tag["is_registered"]]
            if transform_tags:
                transform_tags(work)
            work["num"] = 0
            work["date"] = text.parse_datetime(work["create_date"])
            work["rating"] = ratings.get(work["x_restrict"])
            work["suffix"] = ""
            work.update(metadata)

            yield Message.Directory, work

            if work["type"] == "ugoira":
                if not self.load_ugoira:
                    continue

                try:
                    ugoira = self.api.ugoira_metadata(work["id"])
                except exception.StopExtraction as exc:
                    self.log.warning(
                        "Unable to retrieve Ugoira metatdata (%s - %s)",
                        work.get("id"), exc.message)
                    continue

                url = ugoira["zip_urls"]["medium"].replace(
                    "_ugoira600x600", "_ugoira1920x1080")
                work["frames"] = ugoira["frames"]
                work["date_url"] = self._date_from_url(url)
                work["_http_adjust_extension"] = False
                yield Message.Url, url, text.nameext_from_url(url, work)

            elif work["page_count"] == 1:
                url = meta_single_page["original_image_url"]
                work["date_url"] = self._date_from_url(url)
                yield Message.Url, url, text.nameext_from_url(url, work)

            else:
                for work["num"], img in enumerate(meta_pages):
                    url = img["image_urls"]["original"]
                    work["date_url"] = self._date_from_url(url)
                    work["suffix"] = "_p{:02}".format(work["num"])
                    yield Message.Url, url, text.nameext_from_url(url, work)

    @staticmethod
    def _date_from_url(url, offset=timedelta(hours=9)):
        try:
            _, _, _, _, _, y, m, d, H, M, S, _ = url.split("/")
            return datetime(
                int(y), int(m), int(d), int(H), int(M), int(S)) - offset
        except Exception:
            return None

    @staticmethod
    def _make_work(kind, url, user):
        p = url.split("/")
        return {
            "create_date"     : "{}-{}-{}T{}:{}:{}+09:00".format(
                p[5], p[6], p[7], p[8], p[9], p[10]) if len(p) > 9 else None,
            "height"          : 0,
            "id"              : kind,
            "image_urls"      : None,
            "meta_pages"      : (),
            "meta_single_page": {"original_image_url": url},
            "page_count"      : 1,
            "sanity_level"    : 0,
            "tags"            : (),
            "title"           : kind,
            "type"            : kind,
            "user"            : user,
            "width"           : 0,
            "x_restrict"      : 0,
        }

    def works(self):
        """Return an iterable containing all relevant 'work' objects"""

    def metadata(self):
        """Collect metadata for extractor job"""
        return {}


class PixivUserExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for a pixiv user profile"""
    subcategory = "user"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net/(?:"
               r"(?:en/)?u(?:sers)?/|member\.php\?id=|(?:mypage\.php)?#id="
               r")(\d+)(?:$|[?#])")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/u/173530"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/member.php?id=173530"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/mypage.php#id=173530"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/#id=173530"),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.user_id = match.group(1)

    def items(self):
        base = "{}/users/{}/".format(self.root, self.user_id)
        return self._dispatch_extractors((
            (PixivAvatarExtractor    , base + "avatar"),
            (PixivBackgroundExtractor, base + "background"),
            (PixivArtworksExtractor  , base + "artworks"),
            (PixivFavoriteExtractor  , base + "bookmarks/artworks"),
            (PixivNovelUserExtractor , base + "novels"),
        ), ("artworks",))


class PixivArtworksExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for artworks of a pixiv user"""
    subcategory = "artworks"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net/(?:"
               r"(?:en/)?users/(\d+)/(?:artworks|illustrations|manga)"
               r"(?:/([^/?#]+))?/?(?:$|[?#])"
               r"|member_illust\.php\?id=(\d+)(?:&([^#]+))?)")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530/artworks", {
            "url": "852c31ad83b6840bacbce824d85f2a997889efb7",
        }),
        # illusts with specific tag
        (("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530/artworks"
          "/%E6%89%8B%E3%81%B6%E3%82%8D"), {
            "url": "25b1cd81153a8ff82eec440dd9f20a4a22079658",
        }),
        (("https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?id=173530"
          "&tag=%E6%89%8B%E3%81%B6%E3%82%8D"), {
            "url": "25b1cd81153a8ff82eec440dd9f20a4a22079658",
        }),
        # deleted account
        ("http://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?id=173531", {
            "options": (("metadata", True),),
            "exception": exception.NotFoundError,
        }),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530/manga"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530/illustrations"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?id=173530"),
        ("https://touch.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?id=173530"),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        u1, t1, u2, t2 = match.groups()
        if t1:
            t1 = text.unquote(t1)
        elif t2:
            t2 = text.parse_query(t2).get("tag")
        self.user_id = u1 or u2
        self.tag = t1 or t2

    def metadata(self):
        if self.config("metadata"):
            self.api.user_detail(self.user_id)
        return {}

    def works(self):
        works = self.api.user_illusts(self.user_id)

        if self.tag:
            tag = self.tag.lower()
            works = (
                work for work in works
                if tag in [t["name"].lower() for t in work["tags"]]
            )

        return works


class PixivAvatarExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv avatars"""
    subcategory = "avatar"
    filename_fmt = "avatar{date:?_//%Y-%m-%d}.{extension}"
    archive_fmt = "avatar_{user[id]}_{date}"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/(?:en/)?users/(\d+)/avatar")
    test = ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530/avatar", {
        "content": "4e57544480cc2036ea9608103e8f024fa737fe66",
    })

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.user_id = match.group(1)

    def works(self):
        user = self.api.user_detail(self.user_id)["user"]
        url = user["profile_image_urls"]["medium"].replace("_170.", ".")
        return (self._make_work("avatar", url, user),)


class PixivBackgroundExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv background banners"""
    subcategory = "background"
    filename_fmt = "background{date:?_//%Y-%m-%d}.{extension}"
    archive_fmt = "background_{user[id]}_{date}"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/(?:en/)?users/(\d+)/background")
    test = ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/194921/background", {
        "pattern": r"https://i\.pximg\.net/background/img/2021/01/30/16/12/02"
                   r"/194921_af1f71e557a42f499213d4b9eaccc0f8\.jpg",
    })

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.user_id = match.group(1)

    def works(self):
        detail = self.api.user_detail(self.user_id)
        url = detail["profile"]["background_image_url"]
        if not url:
            return ()
        if "/c/" in url:
            parts = url.split("/")
            del parts[3:5]
            url = "/".join(parts)
        url = url.replace("_master1200.", ".")
        work = self._make_work("background", url, detail["user"])
        if url.endswith(".jpg"):
            url = url[:-4]
            work["_fallback"] = (url + ".png", url + ".gif")
        return (work,)


class PixivMeExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv.me URLs"""
    subcategory = "me"
    pattern = r"(?:https?://)?pixiv\.me/([^/?#]+)"
    test = (
        ("https://pixiv.me/del_shannon", {
            "url": "29c295ce75150177e6b0a09089a949804c708fbf",
        }),
        ("https://pixiv.me/del_shanno", {
            "exception": exception.NotFoundError,
        }),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.account = match.group(1)

    def items(self):
        url = "https://pixiv.me/" + self.account
        data = {"_extractor": PixivUserExtractor}
        response = self.request(
            url, method="HEAD", allow_redirects=False, notfound="user")
        yield Message.Queue, response.headers["Location"], data


class PixivWorkExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for a single pixiv work/illustration"""
    subcategory = "work"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/(?:(?:en/)?artworks/"
               r"|member_illust\.php\?(?:[^&]+&)*illust_id=)(\d+)"
               r"|(?:i(?:\d+\.pixiv|\.pximg)\.net"
               r"/(?:(?:.*/)?img-[^/]+/img/\d{4}(?:/\d\d){5}|img\d+/img/[^/]+)"
               r"|img\d*\.pixiv\.net/img/[^/]+|(?:www\.)?pixiv\.net/i)/(\d+))")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/966412", {
            "url": "90c1715b07b0d1aad300bce256a0bc71f42540ba",
            "content": "69a8edfb717400d1c2e146ab2b30d2c235440c5a",
            "keyword": {
                "date"    : "dt:2008-06-12 15:29:13",
                "date_url": "dt:2008-06-12 15:29:13",
            },
        }),
        (("http://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php"
          "?mode=medium&illust_id=966411"), {
            "exception": exception.NotFoundError,
        }),
        # ugoira
        (("https://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php"
          "?mode=medium&illust_id=66806629"), {
            "url": "7267695a985c4db8759bebcf8d21dbdd2d2317ef",
            "keyword": {
                "frames"  : list,
                "date"    : "dt:2018-01-14 15:06:08",
                "date_url": "dt:2018-01-15 04:24:48",
            },
        }),
        # related works (#1237)
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/966412", {
            "options": (("related", True),),
            "range": "1-10",
            "count": ">= 10",
        }),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/artworks/966412"),
        ("http://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?mode=medium&illust_id=96641"),
        ("http://i1.pixiv.net/c/600x600/img-master"
         "/img/2008/06/13/00/29/13/966412_p0_master1200.jpg"),
        ("https://i.pximg.net/img-original"
         "/img/2017/04/25/07/33/29/62568267_p0.png"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/i/966412"),
        ("http://img.pixiv.net/img/soundcross/42626136.jpg"),
        ("http://i2.pixiv.net/img76/img/snailrin/42672235.jpg"),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.illust_id = match.group(1) or match.group(2)

    def works(self):
        works = (self.api.illust_detail(self.illust_id),)
        if self.config("related", False):
            related = self.api.illust_related(self.illust_id)
            works = itertools.chain(works, related)
        return works


class PixivFavoriteExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for all favorites/bookmarks of a pixiv-user"""
    subcategory = "favorite"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "bookmarks",
                     "{user_bookmark[id]} {user_bookmark[account]}")
    archive_fmt = "f_{user_bookmark[id]}_{id}{num}.{extension}"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net/(?:(?:en/)?"
               r"users/(\d+)/(bookmarks/artworks|following)(?:/([^/?#]+))?"
               r"|bookmark\.php)(?:\?([^#]*))?")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530/bookmarks/artworks", {
            "url": "85a3104eaaaf003c7b3947117ca2f1f0b1cfc949",
        }),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/bookmark.php?id=173530", {
            "url": "85a3104eaaaf003c7b3947117ca2f1f0b1cfc949",
        }),
        # bookmarks with specific tag
        (("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/3137110"
          "/bookmarks/artworks/%E3%81%AF%E3%82%93%E3%82%82%E3%82%93"), {
            "url": "379b28275f786d946e01f721e54afe346c148a8c",
        }),
        # bookmarks with specific tag (legacy url)
        (("https://www.pixiv.net/bookmark.php?id=3137110"
          "&tag=%E3%81%AF%E3%82%93%E3%82%82%E3%82%93&p=1"), {
            "url": "379b28275f786d946e01f721e54afe346c148a8c",
        }),
        # own bookmarks
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/bookmark.php", {
            "url": "90c1715b07b0d1aad300bce256a0bc71f42540ba",
            "keyword": {"tags_bookmark": ["47", "hitman"]},
            "options": (("metadata-bookmark", True),),
        }),
        # own bookmarks with tag (#596)
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/bookmark.php?tag=foobar", {
            "count": 0,
        }),
        # followed users (#515)
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/173530/following", {
            "pattern": PixivUserExtractor.pattern,
            "count": ">= 12",
        }),
        # followed users (legacy url) (#515)
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/bookmark.php?id=173530&type=user", {
            "pattern": PixivUserExtractor.pattern,
            "count": ">= 12",
        }),
        # touch URLs
        ("https://touch.pixiv.net/bookmark.php?id=173530"),
        ("https://touch.pixiv.net/bookmark.php"),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        uid, kind, self.tag, query = match.groups()
        query = text.parse_query(query)

        if not uid:
            uid = query.get("id")
            if not uid:
                self.subcategory = "bookmark"

        if kind == "following" or query.get("type") == "user":
            self.subcategory = "following"
            self.items = self._items_following

        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.query = query
        self.user_id = uid

    def works(self):
        tag = None
        if "tag" in self.query:
            tag = text.unquote(self.query["tag"])
        elif self.tag:
            tag = text.unquote(self.tag)

        restrict = "public"
        if self.query.get("rest") == "hide":
            restrict = "private"

        return self.api.user_bookmarks_illust(self.user_id, tag, restrict)

    def metadata(self):
        if self.user_id:
            user = self.api.user_detail(self.user_id)["user"]
        else:
            self.api.login()
            user = self.api.user

        self.user_id = user["id"]
        return {"user_bookmark": user}

    def _items_following(self):
        restrict = "public"
        if self.query.get("rest") == "hide":
            restrict = "private"

        for preview in self.api.user_following(self.user_id, restrict):
            user = preview["user"]
            user["_extractor"] = PixivUserExtractor
            url = "https://www.pixiv.net/users/{}".format(user["id"])
            yield Message.Queue, url, user


class PixivRankingExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv ranking pages"""
    subcategory = "ranking"
    archive_fmt = "r_{ranking[mode]}_{ranking[date]}_{id}{num}.{extension}"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "rankings",
                     "{ranking[mode]}", "{ranking[date]}")
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/ranking\.php(?:\?([^#]*))?")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/ranking.php?mode=daily&date=20170818"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/ranking.php"),
        ("https://touch.pixiv.net/ranking.php"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/ranking.php?mode=unknown", {
            "exception": exception.StopExtraction,
        }),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.query = match.group(1)
        self.mode = self.date = None

    def works(self):
        return self.api.illust_ranking(self.mode, self.date)

    def metadata(self):
        query = text.parse_query(self.query)

        mode = query.get("mode", "daily").lower()
        mode_map = {
            "daily": "day",
            "daily_r18": "day_r18",
            "daily_ai": "day_ai",
            "daily_r18_ai": "day_r18_ai",
            "weekly": "week",
            "weekly_r18": "week_r18",
            "monthly": "month",
            "male": "day_male",
            "male_r18": "day_male_r18",
            "female": "day_female",
            "female_r18": "day_female_r18",
            "original": "week_original",
            "rookie": "week_rookie",
            "r18g": "week_r18g",
        }
        try:
            self.mode = mode = mode_map[mode]
        except KeyError:
            raise exception.StopExtraction("Invalid mode '%s'", mode)

        date = query.get("date")
        if date:
            if len(date) == 8 and date.isdecimal():
                date = "{}-{}-{}".format(date[0:4], date[4:6], date[6:8])
            else:
                self.log.warning("invalid date '%s'", date)
                date = None
        if not date:
            date = (datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(days=1)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
        self.date = date

        return {"ranking": {
            "mode": mode,
            "date": self.date,
        }}


class PixivSearchExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv search results"""
    subcategory = "search"
    archive_fmt = "s_{search[word]}_{id}{num}.{extension}"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "search", "{search[word]}")
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/(?:(?:en/)?tags/([^/?#]+)(?:/[^/?#]+)?/?"
               r"|search\.php)(?:\?([^#]+))?")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/tags/Original", {
            "range": "1-10",
            "count": 10,
        }),
        ("https://pixiv.net/en/tags/foo/artworks?order=week&s_mode=s_tag", {
            "exception": exception.StopExtraction,
        }),
        ("https://pixiv.net/en/tags/foo/artworks?order=date&s_mode=tag", {
            "exception": exception.StopExtraction,
        }),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/search.php?s_mode=s_tag&name=Original", {
            "exception": exception.StopExtraction,
        }),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/tags/foo/artworks?order=date&s_mode=s_tag"),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/search.php?s_mode=s_tag&word=Original"),
        ("https://touch.pixiv.net/search.php?word=Original"),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.word, self.query = match.groups()
        self.sort = self.target = None

    def works(self):
        return self.api.search_illust(
            self.word, self.sort, self.target,
            date_start=self.date_start, date_end=self.date_end)

    def metadata(self):
        query = text.parse_query(self.query)

        if self.word:
            self.word = text.unquote(self.word)
        else:
            try:
                self.word = query["word"]
            except KeyError:
                raise exception.StopExtraction("Missing search term")

        sort = query.get("order", "date_d")
        sort_map = {
            "date": "date_asc",
            "date_d": "date_desc",
            "popular_d": "popular_desc",
            "popular_male_d": "popular_male_desc",
            "popular_female_d": "popular_female_desc",
        }
        try:
            self.sort = sort = sort_map[sort]
        except KeyError:
            raise exception.StopExtraction("Invalid search order '%s'", sort)

        target = query.get("s_mode", "s_tag_full")
        target_map = {
            "s_tag": "partial_match_for_tags",
            "s_tag_full": "exact_match_for_tags",
            "s_tc": "title_and_caption",
        }
        try:
            self.target = target = target_map[target]
        except KeyError:
            raise exception.StopExtraction("Invalid search mode '%s'", target)

        self.date_start = query.get("scd")
        self.date_end = query.get("ecd")

        return {"search": {
            "word": self.word,
            "sort": self.sort,
            "target": self.target,
            "date_start": self.date_start,
            "date_end": self.date_end,
        }}


class PixivFollowExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for new illustrations from your followed artists"""
    subcategory = "follow"
    archive_fmt = "F_{user_follow[id]}_{id}{num}.{extension}"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "following")
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/bookmark_new_illust\.php")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/bookmark_new_illust.php"),
        ("https://touch.pixiv.net/bookmark_new_illust.php"),
    )

    def works(self):
        return self.api.illust_follow()

    def metadata(self):
        self.api.login()
        return {"user_follow": self.api.user}


class PixivPixivisionExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for illustrations from a pixivision article"""
    subcategory = "pixivision"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "pixivision",
                     "{pixivision_id} {pixivision_title}")
    archive_fmt = "V{pixivision_id}_{id}{suffix}.{extension}"
    pattern = r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?pixivision\.net/(?:en/)?a/(\d+)"
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixivision.net/en/a/2791"),
        ("https://pixivision.net/a/2791", {
            "count": 7,
            "keyword": {
                "pixivision_id": "2791",
                "pixivision_title": "What's your favorite music? Editor’s "
                                    "picks featuring: “CD Covers”!",
            },
        }),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.pixivision_id = match.group(1)

    def works(self):
        return (
            self.api.illust_detail(illust_id.partition("?")[0])
            for illust_id in util.unique_sequence(text.extract_iter(
                self.page, '<a href="https://www.pixiv.net/en/artworks/', '"'))
        )

    def metadata(self):
        url = "https://www.pixivision.net/en/a/" + self.pixivision_id
        headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0"}
        self.page = self.request(url, headers=headers).text

        title = text.extr(self.page, '<title>', '<')
        return {
            "pixivision_id"   : self.pixivision_id,
            "pixivision_title": text.unescape(title),
        }


class PixivSeriesExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for illustrations from a Pixiv series"""
    subcategory = "series"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "{user[id]} {user[account]}",
                     "{series[id]} {series[title]}")
    filename_fmt = "{num_series:>03}_{id}_p{num}.{extension}"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/user/(\d+)/series/(\d+)")
    test = ("https://www.pixiv.net/user/10509347/series/21859", {
        "range": "1-10",
        "count": 10,
        "keyword": {
            "num_series": int,
            "series": {
                "canonical": "https://www.pixiv.net/user/10509347"
                             "/series/21859",
                "description": str,
                "ogp": dict,
                "title": "先輩がうざい後輩の話",
                "total": int,
                "twitter": dict,
            },
        },
    })

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.user_id, self.series_id = match.groups()

    def works(self):
        url = self.root + "/ajax/series/" + self.series_id
        params = {"p": 1}
        headers = {
            "Accept": "application/json",
            "Referer": "{}/user/{}/series/{}".format(
                self.root, self.user_id, self.series_id),
            "Alt-Used": "www.pixiv.net",
        }

        while True:
            data = self.request(url, params=params, headers=headers).json()
            body = data["body"]
            page = body["page"]

            series = body["extraData"]["meta"]
            series["id"] = self.series_id
            series["total"] = page["total"]
            series["title"] = text.extr(series["title"], '"', '"')

            for info in page["series"]:
                work = self.api.illust_detail(info["workId"])
                work["num_series"] = info["order"]
                work["series"] = series
                yield work

            if len(page["series"]) < 10:
                return
            params["p"] += 1


class PixivNovelExtractor(PixivExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv novels"""
    subcategory = "novel"
    request_interval = 1.0
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/n(?:ovel/show\.php\?id=|/)(\d+)")
    test = (
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/novel/show.php?id=19612040", {
            "count": 1,
            "content": "c6f22167f9df7aeaf63b51933b4c8ef6fc5e6a1e",
            "keyword": {
                "caption": r"re:「無能な名無し」と呼ばれ虐げられて育った鈴\(すず\)は、",
                "comment_access_control": 0,
                "create_date": "2023-04-02T15:18:58+09:00",
                "date": "dt:2023-04-02 06:18:58",
                "id": 19612040,
                "is_bookmarked": False,
                "is_muted": False,
                "is_mypixiv_only": False,
                "is_original": True,
                "is_x_restricted": False,
                "novel_ai_type": 1,
                "page_count": 1,
                "rating": "General",
                "restrict": 0,
                "series": {
                    "id": 10278364,
                    "title": "龍の贄嫁〜虐げられた少女は運命の番として愛される〜"
                },
                "tags": ["和風ファンタジー", "溺愛", "神様", "ヤンデレ", "執着",
                         "異能", "ざまぁ", "学園", "神嫁"],
                "text_length": 5977,
                "title": "異母妹から「無能な名無し」と虐げられていた私、"
                         "どうやら異母妹に霊力を搾取されていたようです（１）",
                "user": {
                    "account": "yukinaga_chifuyu",
                    "id": 77055466,
                },
                "visible": True,
                "x_restrict": 0,
            },
        }),
        ("https://www.pixiv.net/n/19612040"),
    )

    def __init__(self, match):
        PixivExtractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.novel_id = match.group(1)

    def items(self):
        tags = self.config("tags", "japanese")
        if tags == "original":
            transform_tags = None
        elif tags == "translated":
            def transform_tags(work):
                work["tags"] = list(dict.fromkeys(
                    tag["translated_name"] or tag["name"]
                    for tag in work["tags"]))
        else:
            def transform_tags(work):
                work["tags"] = [tag["name"] for tag in work["tags"]]

        ratings = {0: "General", 1: "R-18", 2: "R-18G"}
        meta_user = self.config("metadata")
        meta_bookmark = self.config("metadata-bookmark")

        novels = self.novels()
        if self.max_posts:
            novels = itertools.islice(novels, self.max_posts)
        for novel in novels:
            if meta_user:
                novel.update(self.api.user_detail(novel["user"]["id"]))
            if meta_bookmark and novel["is_bookmarked"]:
                detail = self.api.novel_bookmark_detail(novel["id"])
                novel["tags_bookmark"] = [tag["name"] for tag in detail["tags"]
                                          if tag["is_registered"]]
            if transform_tags:
                transform_tags(novel)
            novel["num"] = 0
            novel["date"] = text.parse_datetime(novel["create_date"])
            novel["rating"] = ratings.get(novel["x_restrict"])
            novel["suffix"] = ""

            yield Message.Directory, novel

            novel["extension"] = "txt"
            content = self.api.novel_text(novel["id"])["novel_text"]
            yield Message.Url, "text:" + content, novel

    def novels(self):
        return (self.api.novel_detail(self.novel_id),)


class PixivNovelUserExtractor(PixivNovelExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv users' novels"""
    subcategory = "novel-user"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/(?:en/)?users/(\d+)/novels")
    test = ("https://www.pixiv.net/en/users/77055466/novels", {
        "pattern": "^text:",
        "range": "1-5",
        "count": 5,
    })

    def novels(self):
        return self.api.user_novels(self.novel_id)


class PixivNovelSeriesExtractor(PixivNovelExtractor):
    """Extractor for pixiv novel series"""
    subcategory = "novel-series"
    pattern = (r"(?:https?://)?(?:www\.|touch\.)?pixiv\.net"
               r"/novel/series/(\d+)")
    test = ("https://www.pixiv.net/novel/series/10278364", {
        "count": 4,
        "content": "b06abed001b3f6ccfb1579699e9a238b46d38ea2",
    })

    def novels(self):
        return self.api.novel_series(self.novel_id)


class PixivSketchExtractor(Extractor):
    """Extractor for user pages on sketch.pixiv.net"""
    category = "pixiv"
    subcategory = "sketch"
    directory_fmt = ("{category}", "sketch", "{user[unique_name]}")
    filename_fmt = "{post_id} {id}.{extension}"
    archive_fmt = "S{user[id]}_{id}"
    root = "https://sketch.pixiv.net"
    cookiedomain = ".pixiv.net"
    pattern = r"(?:https?://)?sketch\.pixiv\.net/@([^/?#]+)"
    test = ("https://sketch.pixiv.net/@nicoby", {
        "pattern": r"https://img\-sketch\.pixiv\.net/uploads/medium"
                   r"/file/\d+/\d+\.(jpg|png)",
        "count": ">= 35",
    })

    def __init__(self, match):
        Extractor.__init__(self, match)
        self.username = match.group(1)

    def items(self):
        headers = {"Referer": "{}/@{}".format(self.root, self.username)}

        for post in self.posts():
            media = post["media"]
            post["post_id"] = post["id"]
            post["date"] = text.parse_datetime(
                post["created_at"], "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f%z")
            util.delete_items(post, ("id", "media", "_links"))

            yield Message.Directory, post
            post["_http_headers"] = headers

            for photo in media:
                original = photo["photo"]["original"]
                post["id"] = photo["id"]
                post["width"] = original["width"]
                post["height"] = original["height"]

                url = original["url"]
                text.nameext_from_url(url, post)
                yield Message.Url, url, post

    def posts(self):
        url = "{}/api/walls/@{}/posts/public.json".format(
            self.root, self.username)
        headers = {
            "Accept": "application/vnd.sketch-v4+json",
            "X-Requested-With": "{}/@{}".format(self.root, self.username),
            "Referer": self.root + "/",
        }

        while True:
            data = self.request(url, headers=headers).json()
            yield from data["data"]["items"]

            next_url = data["_links"].get("next")
            if not next_url:
                return
            url = self.root + next_url["href"]


class PixivAppAPI():
    """Minimal interface for the Pixiv App API for mobile devices

    For a more complete implementation or documentation, see
    - https://github.com/upbit/pixivpy
    - https://gist.github.com/ZipFile/3ba99b47162c23f8aea5d5942bb557b1
    """
    CLIENT_ID = "MOBrBDS8blbauoSck0ZfDbtuzpyT"
    CLIENT_SECRET = "lsACyCD94FhDUtGTXi3QzcFE2uU1hqtDaKeqrdwj"
    HASH_SECRET = ("28c1fdd170a5204386cb1313c7077b34"
                   "f83e4aaf4aa829ce78c231e05b0bae2c")

    def __init__(self, extractor):
        self.extractor = extractor
        self.log = extractor.log
        self.username = extractor._get_auth_info()[0]
        self.user = None

        extractor.session.headers.update({
            "App-OS"        : "ios",
            "App-OS-Version": "13.1.2",
            "App-Version"   : "7.7.6",
            "User-Agent"    : "PixivIOSApp/7.7.6 (iOS 13.1.2; iPhone11,8)",
            "Referer"       : "https://app-api.pixiv.net/",
        })

        self.client_id = extractor.config(
            "client-id", self.CLIENT_ID)
        self.client_secret = extractor.config(
            "client-secret", self.CLIENT_SECRET)

        token = extractor.config("refresh-token")
        if token is None or token == "cache":
            token = _refresh_token_cache(self.username)
        self.refresh_token = token

    def login(self):
        """Login and gain an access token"""
        self.user, auth = self._login_impl(self.username)
        self.extractor.session.headers["Authorization"] = auth

    @cache(maxage=3600, keyarg=1)
    def _login_impl(self, username):
        if not self.refresh_token:
            raise exception.AuthenticationError(
                "'refresh-token' required.\n"
                "Run `gallery-dl oauth:pixiv` to get one.")

        self.log.info("Refreshing access token")
        url = "https://oauth.secure.pixiv.net/auth/token"
        data = {
            "client_id"     : self.client_id,
            "client_secret" : self.client_secret,
            "grant_type"    : "refresh_token",
            "refresh_token" : self.refresh_token,
            "get_secure_url": "1",
        }

        time = datetime.utcnow().strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00")
        headers = {
            "X-Client-Time": time,
            "X-Client-Hash": hashlib.md5(
                (time + self.HASH_SECRET).encode()).hexdigest(),
        }

        response = self.extractor.request(
            url, method="POST", headers=headers, data=data, fatal=False)
        if response.status_code >= 400:
            self.log.debug(response.text)
            raise exception.AuthenticationError("Invalid refresh token")

        data = response.json()["response"]
        return data["user"], "Bearer " + data["access_token"]

    def illust_detail(self, illust_id):
        params = {"illust_id": illust_id}
        return self._call("/v1/illust/detail", params)["illust"]

    def illust_bookmark_detail(self, illust_id):
        params = {"illust_id": illust_id}
        return self._call(
            "/v2/illust/bookmark/detail", params)["bookmark_detail"]

    def illust_follow(self, restrict="all"):
        params = {"restrict": restrict}
        return self._pagination("/v2/illust/follow", params)

    def illust_ranking(self, mode="day", date=None):
        params = {"mode": mode, "date": date}
        return self._pagination("/v1/illust/ranking", params)

    def illust_related(self, illust_id):
        params = {"illust_id": illust_id}
        return self._pagination("/v2/illust/related", params)

    def novel_bookmark_detail(self, novel_id):
        params = {"novel_id": novel_id}
        return self._call(
            "/v2/novel/bookmark/detail", params)["bookmark_detail"]

    def novel_detail(self, novel_id):
        params = {"novel_id": novel_id}
        return self._call("/v2/novel/detail", params)["novel"]

    def novel_series(self, series_id):
        params = {"series_id": series_id}
        return self._pagination("/v1/novel/series", params, "novels")

    def novel_text(self, novel_id):
        params = {"novel_id": novel_id}
        return self._call("/v1/novel/text", params)

    def search_illust(self, word, sort=None, target=None, duration=None,
                      date_start=None, date_end=None):
        params = {"word": word, "search_target": target,
                  "sort": sort, "duration": duration,
                  "start_date": date_start, "end_date": date_end}
        return self._pagination("/v1/search/illust", params)

    def user_bookmarks_illust(self, user_id, tag=None, restrict="public"):
        """Return illusts bookmarked by a user"""
        params = {"user_id": user_id, "tag": tag, "restrict": restrict}
        return self._pagination("/v1/user/bookmarks/illust", params)

    def user_bookmark_tags_illust(self, user_id, restrict="public"):
        """Return bookmark tags defined by a user"""
        params = {"user_id": user_id, "restrict": restrict}
        return self._pagination(
            "/v1/user/bookmark-tags/illust", params, "bookmark_tags")

    @memcache(keyarg=1)
    def user_detail(self, user_id):
        params = {"user_id": user_id}
        return self._call("/v1/user/detail", params)

    def user_following(self, user_id, restrict="public"):
        params = {"user_id": user_id, "restrict": restrict}
        return self._pagination("/v1/user/following", params, "user_previews")

    def user_illusts(self, user_id):
        params = {"user_id": user_id}
        return self._pagination("/v1/user/illusts", params)

    def user_novels(self, user_id):
        params = {"user_id": user_id}
        return self._pagination("/v1/user/novels", params, "novels")

    def ugoira_metadata(self, illust_id):
        params = {"illust_id": illust_id}
        return self._call("/v1/ugoira/metadata", params)["ugoira_metadata"]

    def _call(self, endpoint, params=None):
        url = "https://app-api.pixiv.net" + endpoint

        while True:
            self.login()
            response = self.extractor.request(url, params=params, fatal=False)
            data = response.json()

            if "error" not in data:
                return data

            self.log.debug(data)

            if response.status_code == 404:
                raise exception.NotFoundError()

            error = data["error"]
            if "rate limit" in (error.get("message") or "").lower():
                self.extractor.wait(seconds=300)
                continue

            raise exception.StopExtraction("API request failed: %s", error)

    def _pagination(self, endpoint, params, key="illusts"):
        while True:
            data = self._call(endpoint, params)
            yield from data[key]

            if not data["next_url"]:
                return
            query = data["next_url"].rpartition("?")[2]
            params = text.parse_query(query)


@cache(maxage=10*365*24*3600, keyarg=0)
def _refresh_token_cache(username):
    return None